Myrtia, Archanes – Asterousia

Birthplace of Nikos Kazantzakis’ Father

Myrtia (formerly known as Varvari) is a village in the Heraklion regional unit on the island of Crete, Greece. It is the birthplace of the father of renowned Greek author Nikos Kazantzakis and is known for its historical significance, cultural heritage, and scenic beauty.

Location and Geography

• Situated in the municipality of Archanes-Asterousia, about 15 kilometers south of Heraklion.
• Nestled at an altitude of 365 meters, offering views of the surrounding landscape.
• Close to the archaeological site of Knossos and the Kounariano Gorge.

Historical Significance

• The village’s former name, Varvari, is believed to originate from the settlement of non-Greek soldiers (referred to as “barbarians”) after the liberation of Crete from the Saracens in 961 AD.
• Myrtia has a long history of wine production, dating back seven centuries.
• The village played a role in the construction of the Venetian walls in Heraklion during the Venetian occupation.
• During the Ottoman rule, Myrtia faced frequent raids from neighboring Turkish settlements.
• The residents actively participated in the Cretan resistance against the German occupation during World War II.

Cultural Heritage

• Myrtia is known as the “village of Kazantzakis” due to its connection to the famous author’s father.
• The Nikos Kazantzakis Museum, located in the village center, showcases the life and work of the writer.
• The village hosts various cultural events, including literature and art exhibitions organized by the Center for Cretan Literature.
• Myrtia boasts several churches, including the Church of Metamorfosi Sotira (the Transfiguration of the Savior), the Church of Enangelismos (the Annunciation), the Church of Agios Antonios (Saint Anthony), and the Church of Gennisi tis Theotokou (the Nativity of the Theotokos).

Population

Current Status

• The village has approximately 500 permanent residents, primarily engaged in agriculture, particularly viticulture and olive cultivation.
• Myrtia offers amenities such as a primary school, a kindergarten, various services, taverns, and cafes.
• The village attracts visitors interested in its cultural heritage, natural beauty, and connection to Nikos Kazantzakis.

Settlement: Key Points

• Historical References: First mentioned in 1206, played a role in the construction of the Venetian walls in Heraklion, faced raids during the Ottoman rule, participated in the Cretan resistance during World War II
• Location: Municipality of Archanes-Asterousia, Heraklion regional unit, Crete, Greece, 15 kilometers south of Heraklion
• Historical Significance: Birthplace of Nikos Kazantzakis’ father, long history of wine production, connection to the Venetian and Ottoman periods, involvement in the Cretan resistance
• Population Data: 502 residents (2021 census)
• Current Status: Primarily agricultural village with cultural attractions, including the Nikos Kazantzakis Museum