Demation is a village and the seat of its corresponding community in the Minoa Pediada Municipality, located in the Heraklion regional unit on the island of Crete, Greece. It previously belonged to the Monofatsi province of the Heraklion Prefecture. The origin of the village’s name is debated. One theory suggests it comes from the Greek word “dema,” meaning bundle, referring to the merging of smaller settlements to form the village. Another interpretation links it to the beautiful view the village offers (“de” from “des,” meaning see, and “mati” meaning eye).
Historical References
The village of Demation’s documented history begins in the Venetian era, with its earliest recorded mention in the 1577 census by Barozzi, where it is listed as “Dhemati” with 50 inhabitants. The village’s presence is further confirmed in the 1583 Venetian census by Kastrofilakas, which also records 50 inhabitants. During the Ottoman occupation, Demation was home to both Muslim and Christian communities. However, by the 19th century, the Christian population had become the majority, indicating a demographic shift during this period.
Location
Demation is situated on a hill in the northern foothills of the Asterousia Mountains, offering a vantage point with views of the verdant Messara plain and the historic Kastelo hill, the site of ancient Priansos. The village is located approximately 34 kilometers south of Arkalochori. Its position in the foothills provides a blend of accessibility and seclusion, characteristic of many Cretan villages.
Population Data Over the Years
The Venetian censuses of 1577 and 1583 recorded a population of 50 inhabitants. While specific figures for the Ottoman period are not available, records indicate a mixed population of Muslims and Christians, with the latter becoming the majority in the 19th century. The 2011 census recorded a significant decrease in population, with only 43 inhabitants remaining in the village.
Year |
Population |
|---|---|
1577 |
50 |
1583 |
50 |
1834 |
– |
19th century |
– |
2011 |
43 |
Historical Significance
The village holds a rich cultural heritage, evident in the preservation of myths, old songs, and traditions connected to the history and struggles of the region. The residents’ agricultural and livestock farming practices further contribute to the preservation of traditional Cretan life and hospitality.
Demation boasts several points of interest. The 15th-century Byzantine monastery dedicated to Agioi Paraskevi, Taxiarchon, and Markos is a significant landmark. The Dematiani Kamara, a unique example of Venetian architecture, is located northwest of the village. The Anapodaris River flows near the village, and the scenic Anapodaris Gorge with its old watermill is situated southeast of Demation.
Current Status
Today, Demation is a small agricultural and livestock village with a population of 43. The villagers primarily engage in the production of olive oil, livestock products, and cheese. The village is known for its strong sense of community and its adherence to traditional Cretan customs and hospitality.
Despite its small size, Demation offers visitors a glimpse into the authentic Cretan way of life. Its picturesque location, historical landmarks such as the 15th-century Byzantine monastery, and the nearby natural attractions like the Anapodaris Gorge make it an appealing destination for those seeking an off-the-beaten-path experience in Crete. However, like many rural villages, Demation faces the challenge of depopulation, which threatens its long-term viability.
Village Key Points
- Historical References: The village is first mentioned in the Venetian census of Barozzi in 1577. During the Ottoman period, it was inhabited by both Muslims and Christians, with the latter being the majority in the 19th century.
- Location: Situated on a hill in the northern foothills of the Asterousia Mountains, facing the Kastelo hill where ancient Priansos was located, in the Heraklion regional unit, Crete. It is approximately 34 kilometers from Arkalochori, accessible via the Arkalochori-Mousouta-Ano-Kato Poulies-Ini-Skinias-Demati road.
- Historical Significance: The village’s name is believed to originate from the merging of smaller settlements (“dema” meaning bundle in Greek) or from the beautiful view it offers (“de” from “des,” meaning see, and “mati” meaning eye). The village preserves myths, old songs, and traditions connected to the history of the area.
- Current Status: Demation is a small agricultural and livestock village with a population of 43 as of 2011. The main products are olive oil, livestock products, and cheese. The village is known for its traditional Cretan character and hospitality.
Access
Demation is 13.1 kilometers away from the town Arkalochori and 11.2 kilometers away from Ano Viannos
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